The idea for retinal identification was first conceived by Dr Carleton Simon and Dr Isadore Goldstein and was published in the New York State Journal of Medicine in 1935. The pattern of variations is digitized and stored in a database. Because retinal blood vessels absorb light more readily than the surrounding tissue, the amount of reflection varies during the scan. This beam of light traces a standardized path on the retina. ДЄ retinal scan is performed by casting an unperceived beam of low-energy infrared light into a personвЂ™s eye as they look through the scanner's eyepiece. The National Center for State Courts estimate that retinal scanning has an error rate of one in ten million. Due to its unique and unchanging nature, the retina appears to be the most precise and reliable biometric, aside from DNA. The network of blood vessels in the retina is not entirely genetically determined and thus even identical twins do not share a similar pattern.ДЄlthough retinal patterns may be altered in cases of diabetes, glaucoma or retinal degenerative disorders, the retina typically remains unchanged from birth until death. Because of the complex structure of the capillaries that supply the retina with blood, each person's retina is unique, making retinal scans an emerging authentication method. The human retina is a thin tissue made up of neural cells that is located in the posterior portion of the eye. A close of the controls of a Topcon retinal camera

Retinal scanning biometrics